This web page was produced as an assignment for Genetics 677 an undergraduate course at UW-Madison
What is Homology?
Homology is when two sequences are closely related in different species [1]. Because of this, it is theorized that homologous sequences are derived from a common ancestor. From homologous genes and proteins, one can calculate a phylogenetic tree and hypothesize the lineage of the gene and protein through evolutionary history.
Homologs of Human BBS1 Protein
The homologous genes of human BBS1 were identified using HOMOLOGENE and double checked with BLAST. The proteins of these genes were then identified are given below. The maximum identities and e-values were identified using BLAST.
Homologous Protein Reference Numbers
Homo sapiens (Human)
Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein Accession Number: NP_078925 FASTA __________________________________________________________________ Pan troglodytes (Chimp) Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein Accession Number: XP_001171950 Max. Identity: 99% E-Value: 0 FASTA Canis lupus familiaris (Dog) Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein Accession Number: XP_540830 Max. Identity: 93% E-Value: 0 FASTA Bos taurus (Cow) Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein-like Accession Number: XP_003584314 Max. Identity: 87% E-Value: 0 FASTA Mus musculus (Mouse) Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 Accession Number: NP_001028300 Max. Identity: 93% E-Value: 0 FASTA |
Danio rerio (Zebrafish)
Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein Accession Number: NP_001091721 Max. Identity: 68% E-Value: 0 FASTA Rattus norvegicus (Rat) Protein Name: Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 protein Accession Number: NP_001101039 Max. Identity: 92% E-Value: 0 FASTA Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly) Protein Name: BBS1 Accession Number: NP_648080 Max. Identity: 30% E-Value: 6e-86 FASTA Anopheles gambiae str. PEST (Mosquito) Protein Name: AGAP007459-PA Accession Number: XP_308406 Max. Identity: 37% E-Value: 8e-121 FASTA Caenorhabditis elegans (Worm) Protein Name: Protein BBS-1 Accession Number: NP_740933 Max. Identity: 28% E-Value: 9e-83 FASTA |
Analysis and Discussion
The protein was identified in all of the organisms listed above. The maximum identities varied from 99% to28%. Despite the varying maximum identities, the only domain identified in the protein was found in all the proteins in the other organisms. Overall the protein was highly conserved throughout these organisms and therefore they could all be used in future studies as model organisms. These organisms can be used to study the function of the protein and see the effects a mutation could cause. These animals could provide vital insight into the disease, Bardet-Biedl Syndrome.
To learn more about the domain and its function, click on the button below.
To learn more about the domain and its function, click on the button below.
References:
[Banner Photo]"NDM-1" NDM-1. Retrieved 12 March 2013 from http://www.personal.psu.edu/czc5161/blogs/testing/references.html.
[1] Brinkmann H, Delsuc Frederic, Philippe H. Phylogenomics and the Reconstruction of the Tree of Life. Nature Review, 2005;6:361-375
[Banner Photo]"NDM-1" NDM-1. Retrieved 12 March 2013 from http://www.personal.psu.edu/czc5161/blogs/testing/references.html.
[1] Brinkmann H, Delsuc Frederic, Philippe H. Phylogenomics and the Reconstruction of the Tree of Life. Nature Review, 2005;6:361-375