This web page was produced as an assignment for Genetics 677 an undergraduate course at UW-Madison
What is Homology?
Homology is when two sequences are closely related in different species [1]. Because of this, it is theorized that homologous sequences are derived from a common ancestor. From homologous genes and proteins, one can calculate a phylogenetic tree and hypothesize the lineage of the gene and protein through evolutionary history.
Homologs of Gene BBS1
Homologous genes were identified using HOMOLOGENE. BLAST was used to double check that these genes were in fact homologs of human BBS1. The genes that were chose are given below.
Homologous Gene Reference Numbers
Homo Sapiens (Human)
Gene Name: BBS1 Accession Number: NG_009093 FASTA Pan troglodytes (Chimp) Gene Name: BBS1 Accession Number: XM_001171950 FASTA Canis lupus familiaris (Dog) Gene Name: BBS1 Accession Number: XM_540830 FASTA Bos taurus (Cow) Gene Name: LOC100849731 Accession Number: XM_003584266 FASTA Mus musculus (Mouse) Gene Name: Bbs1 Accession Number: NM_001033128 FASTA |
Danio rerio (Zebrafish)
Gene Name: bbs1 Accession Number: NM_001098251 FASTA Rattus norvegicus (Rat) Gene Name: Bbs1 Accession Number: NM_001107569 FASTA Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly) Gene Name: BBS1 Accession Number: NM_139823 FASTA Anopheles gambiae str. PEST (Mosquito) Gene Name: AgaP_AGAP007459 Accession Number: XM_308406 FASTA Caenorhabditis elegans (Worm) Gene Name: bbs-1 Accession Number: NM_170937 FASTA |
Analysis and Discussion
The BBS1 gene was identified in all of these organisms. Experiments can be performed in these organism to see the phenotypes of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome and learn more about the functioning of this gene. These organisms can be used as model organisms to further look at this disease, the symptoms associated with it, and characterize the pathways involved. However, to see whether or not the protein functions the same in all these organisms, one must look further at the protein homology.
To see the protein homology click on the button below.
To see the protein homology click on the button below.
References:
[Banner Photo] "NDM-1" NDM-1. Retrieved 12 March 2013 from http://www.personal.psu.edu/czc5161/blogs/testing/references.html.
[1] Brinkmann H, Delsuc Frederic, Philippe H. Phylogenomics and the Reconstruction of the Tree of Life. Nature Review, 2005;6:361-375
[Banner Photo] "NDM-1" NDM-1. Retrieved 12 March 2013 from http://www.personal.psu.edu/czc5161/blogs/testing/references.html.
[1] Brinkmann H, Delsuc Frederic, Philippe H. Phylogenomics and the Reconstruction of the Tree of Life. Nature Review, 2005;6:361-375